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Be confident and connect with your audience
保持自信并与观众互动
How can you be naturally confident in front of an audience? It goes without saying that you should look neat and presentable. The fact that you have taken pride in your appearance should help, as should a friendly smile on your face.
如何才能自然地保持自信在观众面前做演讲呢?毫无疑问你需要做到穿着整齐而且与场合匹配。良好的演讲着装和保持微笑都会为你加分。
However, your body language will give you a better sense of confidence than an expensive suit or a killer smile. When standing in front of an audience, you should avoid swaying from side to side. Swaying will not only make you look nervous, but will also make it seem that you are out of control.
不过,比良好着装和淡定表情更重要的是在演讲中保持良好身体语言,这样会让你看上去更自信。但你面对观众演讲时,要尽力避免晃来晃去,这样做只会让你看上去非常紧张,好像你不太能控制你自己的姿态。
To strike a confident posture, stand with your legs apart and your body facing the audience. Do not sway or move your weight from one leg to the other. To be in control of your audience, you must appear to be in control of your own body.
要做好演讲姿势,你要站直面向观众,脚分开一些。不要晃,也不要把你身体重心在你两腿之间来回切换。要想把你的演讲具有说服力,你首先要控制好你自己的姿态。
You should also avoid turning your back to the audience. If you have opted to use a whiteboard, do not spend too much time writing on the board during the presentation. I find that the best thing to do is to have written everything you need on the board before the audience arrives.
你最好避免背向观众。如果你演讲时需要用白板,不要在演讲时占用过多时间写板书。最好是在做演讲之前写好板书。
If you need to point to notes on your white board, do not face the white board directly but stand so that the audience can at least see your side profile.
如果你想用板书辅助做演讲,不要完全面向白板背对观众,最差也要侧身看板书,让观众还能看到你的侧面。
If you want to avoid showing the audience that you are nervous, then make sure to bear the following in mind. Always avoid touching your face or head during a presentation; touching the face and head are indicators that you are feeling uneasy and perhaps even vulnerable. Also, if you are asked a question by a member of the audience, try not to fold your arms. Doing so creates a barrier between you and your audience and will signal to them that you do not like being asked questions, or that you are feeling a little defensive.
如果你想避免在演讲时让观众看到你很紧张,请把一下几点记住。首先,不要在你做演讲时用手摸你的脸和头,这样让人看出你很紧张有点不知所措。其次,如果观众问你问题,不要把你双手抬起来折叠放在你胸前,那样会让提问观众感到你不太愿意回答他们问题,或你很有戒心。
To make your audience feel valued and involved, you should make brief eye contact with them. Try scanning from the left of the audience to the right, giving each audience member a brief moment of eye contact. This will ensure that they feel valued and will give you a feeling of control and confidence.
如果你想保持演讲中与观众互动,你需要保持和他们眼神交流。建议可以在演讲时用眼神从左到右扫过观众席,给每一位在场观众短暂的眼神交流。保证与每一位观众互动,这使你感受到对整场的掌控力和自信。
Avoid props
避免中避免用太多道具
For my own presentations, I prefer to use nothing but a white board, and I would suggest practicing presentations with nothing but the same to get you started.
就我习惯而言,我不喜欢演讲时用太多道具,最多就是用个白板。而且我建议如果你刚开始练习演讲的话,最多也就是用个白板而已。
If you have no experience writing on a board, this is easily remedied by practice. You could also try using a large ruler to draw some lines on the board in order to keep your writing straight. This will avoid having your writing appear noticeably uneven to the audience. Another thing to do is walk to the back of the room that you are presenting in and check whether your writing is large enough to be seen by every member of the audience.
如果你之前没有用过白板做演讲,也不用担心,因为这很容易就可以练熟。 你可以用长尺子在黑板上画一些标记线,这样你就可以有参照把板书写直了。你的观众看你写的也会很舒服。还有就是你可以走到教室后面去查看你写的板书是否看得清楚,替教室里的同学们看一下。
If you would like to use video or audio clips, then I would suggest keeping their duration to under two minutes each. If you are a novice, then standing in the background waiting for a video to finish can feel a little awkward.
如果你需要在演讲时插入视频或者音频片段做辅助,那么我建议你把时间控制在两分钟以内。如果你是一个新手,这样站在一旁给观众播放视频可能会让人感觉有一点奇怪。
You may also want to remember that computer equipment can sometimes fail to work at the worst possible moment. In fact, it may be better to work on getting more experience developing your stagecraft and charisma before adding too much technology to your presentations. Slides would make a better start, preferably with short sentences (ten words or less) and a maximum of three sentences per slide.
你要记住你演讲时用的电脑设备很有可能会在最关键的时候出现故障。其实,在开始用这些电子设备制作你的演讲稿之前,你最好花更多心思培养你的演讲台风和气质,这样也许会更有用。幻灯片也是很有帮助的,最好把字数控制在每张幻灯片3句话,每句话最多10个字。
What was your name?
要记住观众的名字
If you are giving a presentation to a small group of people that you have not met before, remembering their names will make them feel more comfortable and make the presentation feel intimate.
如果你是在一小组人之间做演讲,而且你还没有见过他们的话,记住他们的名字会让这一小组人感到更加亲切,让你的演讲更有亲和力。
Remembering people’s names can be difficult, but there are ways to make this process easy. Before coming up with a way to remember names, you should carefully consider the room that you will be using for your presentation.
记住别人的名字有时会很难,但是总会有方法使其化繁为简。在你找到记住别人名字的好方法前,你应该先仔细考虑一下你要在什么地方演讲。
In a typical classroom (containing a white board with rows of desks placed in front of it) you can opt to use small paper placards. Use a little glue, if needed, to create triangular shaped placards and then ask the audience members to write their names on them.
在常规的教室里(装有白板和其跟前的几组桌椅),你可以选择用纸质卡片让观众写上他们的名字。还可以使用胶水,把纸质卡片折成三角形标语牌再固定,然后再让所有观众在他们标语牌上面写上名字。
If the room is less conventional, but you still have at least a table or lectern in front of you, get a typed list of names before the audience arrives. You can then ask each audience member their name when they are seated. You could remember a name by the person’s seat. For example, Burt Smith: left side, first row.
如果你演讲的房间是非传统的那种,你要看一下那里有没有讲台或者演讲桌。如果有,你就可以在观众来之前找一份人名单放在上面。之后等观众都到齐了,你就可以通过点名来记住他们的名字。除此之外你还可以通过座次来对应记人名,比如Burt Smith,在第一排左边。
If you are artistically inclined, you can always draw a picture of each audience member next to their name. The main objective is to have the list on your desk or lectern so that you can easily refer to it if needed.
如果你富有想象力,你总可以根据每一个观众的外形特点来记住他们的名字。这里主要的目的是要有一份人名单放在讲台上,这样你好在需要时参照。
Giving directions
告诉观众你演讲的大致思路
The often quoted advice of most books on the subject of presentations is to keep all information in batches of three. I agree with this. I also think that you should tell your audience where your presentation will go in terms of information and insight. To this effect, I’m going to offer a little advice that will help you get the audience on your side before you have even spoken one word.
很多关于做好演讲的书籍都有在讲解如何把所有你要表达的.信息安排好。我很赞同这点,我同时觉得你也要根据你所演讲的信息,主题,来安排你演讲的先后结构。说到这点,我在这里要给你一些小建议来帮助你提高。
Your presentation, like a novel, should have a beginning, middle and end. I would suggest that in order to make sure your audience retains as much information as possible, you should use the three parts of the presentation as follows:
Beginning: Tell them what you are going to tell them.
Middle: Tell them.
End: Tell them what you have told them.
你的演讲,就像是一个小说一样,要有开头,中间和结尾。我想说为了使你的观众可以在看你演讲之后记住最多的信息,你可以以这三部分来安排你的演讲稿。
开头:做一个介绍
中间:做演讲
结尾:作总结
To avoid looking boastful, ask a third party to introduce you to your audience. This will make you seem humble (which the audience will like) and the person introducing you can briefly cover your road map of the presentation. A typical introduction by a third party would be something like this:
为了避免使你开上去比较自大,你可以选择让别人介绍你上场。这样会使人感觉你很谦虚(会使你观众对你有好感)。并且介绍人也可以为你演讲做一个简短概括。一个比较标准的第三方介绍开场白可以是这样:
Please welcome Joe Bloggs. He’s here to help our company improve its internal communication. Joe has a degree in Communications, and twenty years of experience in Business Communications. He’s going to talk to you about three things today: spoken communication, IT communication and external communication.
大家欢迎Joe Bloggs。他今天来的目的是给我们讲解如何提高公司内部交流。Joe有一个语言传播学的学位,和20年在商业交流领域的工作经验。他将要为我们带来这三部分的讲座:口语日常交流,IT交流和对外传播。
本文到此结束,希望对大家有所帮助。
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